CopyMark Law Group

An exact serial opens the live record page. Text search scans mark and owner indexes.

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CopyMark Law Group
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An exact serial opens the live record page. Text search scans mark and owner indexes.

All guidance topics

Trademark basics

Strength of markBenefits of registrationWhy hire a trademark attorneyTrademarks vs other IP

USPTO process

Trademark searchNew trademark applicationOffice Action issuesNotice of AllowanceTrademark maintenance & renewalsAssignments & ownership changesTrademark monitoringUSPTO record codes

Look up live USPTO records

Look up live trademark recordsSee Office Action issuesCheck status and deadlinesRead prosecution historySee cited conflicting marksSee goods and servicesGet attorney help
  1. Home
  2. Trademark guidance
  3. Office Action issues
  4. Filing Basis
CopyMark Law Group

Attorney advertising. No attorney-client relationship is formed until an engagement agreement is signed and a conflict check is performed.

Practice

Our services

  • New trademark application
  • Trademark search guide
  • Office Action issues
  • Notice of Allowance
  • Maintenance & renewals
  • Assignments
  • Trademark monitoring
  • Trademark records
  • Recently changed trademarks
  • Billion-dollar trademarks
  • Trademark classes

Resources

Trademark basics

  • Strength of mark
  • Benefits of registration
  • Why hire an attorney
  • Trademarks vs other IP

Contact

Get in touch

  • (312) 319-4460
  • info@copymarklaw.com
  • CopyMark LLC, 543 Brier Street, Kenilworth, Illinois 60043

Guidance

  • All guidance
  • Look up live records
  • Office Action catalog
  • Monitoring guide

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All issues overview

Likelihood of confusion

Section 2(d): Likelihood of ConfusionPrior Filed ApplicationLikelihood of Confusion Search Deferred

Section 2 refusals

Section 2(a): Immoral, Deceptive, or Scandalous Matter; False ConnectionSection 2(b): Government InsigniaSection 2(c): Name, Portrait, or Signature of a Living IndividualSection 2(e)(1): DescriptivenessSection 2(e)(2): Geographically DescriptiveSection 2(e)(3): Geographically Deceptively MisdescriptiveSection 2(e)(4): Primarily a SurnameSection 2(e)(5): Functional MatterSection 2(f): Acquired Distinctiveness

Mark function and use

Generic TermsFailure to FunctionOrnamental UseDisclaimer Requirement

Goods, services, and classification

Identification/Classification of Goods and ServicesMulti-Class Issues

Drawing and mark representation

Drawing IssueMark Description or Color ClaimTranslation

Specimens and use in commerce

Specimen Refusal

Register and filing basis

Amend to Supplemental RegisterAmend to Principal RegisterFiling Basis

Application formalities

OwnershipSignatureAddressInsufficient PaymentRequirement for U.S. CounselAdditional Information Required

Regulatory and special refusals

Foreign Registration IssuesControlled Substances Act (CSA)Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (FDCA)Plant Varietal Names
Register and filing basis

Filing Basis — Trademark Office Action Guide

Every trademark application must declare a valid filing basis under Section 1(a), 1(b), 44(d), or 44(e). Missing or incorrect basis triggers this issue.

What the USPTO is saying

Your application does not specify a valid filing basis, or the declared basis is inconsistent with the application contents. You must identify whether you are claiming use in commerce, intent to use, or a foreign registration basis.

Why this issue is raised

Filing basis determines what evidence and declarations the USPTO requires. Without a proper basis, the application cannot proceed.

How applicants typically overcome it

  • Amend to specify the correct filing basis: use in commerce (1(a)), intent to use (1(b)), or foreign basis (44(d)/44(e)).
  • Submit specimens and dates of first use if claiming Section 1(a).
  • For intent-to-use, confirm no specimens are required until Statement of Use.
  • Align basis with foreign registration claims if using Section 44.

Related Office Action issues

  • Specimen Refusal
  • Foreign Registration Issues
  • Amend to Supplemental Register

Frequently asked questions

Need help responding to your Office Action?

Enter your USPTO serial number to see what issues apply to your application and get attorney-guided help with your response.

Look up your trademark(312) 319-4460trademarks@copymarklaw.com
Attorney advertising. This page is general educational information and is not legal advice. No attorney-client relationship is formed until an engagement agreement is signed and a conflict check is completed.