CopyMark Law Group

An exact serial opens the live record page. Text search scans mark and owner indexes.

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CopyMark Law Group
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An exact serial opens the live record page. Text search scans mark and owner indexes.

All guidance topics

Trademark basics

Strength of markBenefits of registrationWhy hire a trademark attorneyTrademarks vs other IP

USPTO process

Trademark searchNew trademark applicationOffice Action issuesNotice of AllowanceTrademark maintenance & renewalsAssignments & ownership changesTrademark monitoringUSPTO record codes

Look up live USPTO records

Look up live trademark recordsSee Office Action issuesCheck status and deadlinesRead prosecution historySee cited conflicting marksSee goods and servicesGet attorney help
  1. Home
  2. Trademark guidance
  3. Office Action issues
  4. Translation
CopyMark Law Group

Attorney advertising. No attorney-client relationship is formed until an engagement agreement is signed and a conflict check is performed.

Practice

Our services

  • New trademark application
  • Trademark search guide
  • Office Action issues
  • Notice of Allowance
  • Maintenance & renewals
  • Assignments
  • Trademark monitoring
  • Trademark records
  • Recently changed trademarks
  • Billion-dollar trademarks
  • Trademark classes

Resources

Trademark basics

  • Strength of mark
  • Benefits of registration
  • Why hire an attorney
  • Trademarks vs other IP

Contact

Get in touch

  • (312) 319-4460
  • info@copymarklaw.com
  • CopyMark LLC, 543 Brier Street, Kenilworth, Illinois 60043

Guidance

  • All guidance
  • Look up live records
  • Office Action catalog
  • Monitoring guide

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All issues overview

Likelihood of confusion

Section 2(d): Likelihood of ConfusionPrior Filed ApplicationLikelihood of Confusion Search Deferred

Section 2 refusals

Section 2(a): Immoral, Deceptive, or Scandalous Matter; False ConnectionSection 2(b): Government InsigniaSection 2(c): Name, Portrait, or Signature of a Living IndividualSection 2(e)(1): DescriptivenessSection 2(e)(2): Geographically DescriptiveSection 2(e)(3): Geographically Deceptively MisdescriptiveSection 2(e)(4): Primarily a SurnameSection 2(e)(5): Functional MatterSection 2(f): Acquired Distinctiveness

Mark function and use

Generic TermsFailure to FunctionOrnamental UseDisclaimer Requirement

Goods, services, and classification

Identification/Classification of Goods and ServicesMulti-Class Issues

Drawing and mark representation

Drawing IssueMark Description or Color ClaimTranslation

Specimens and use in commerce

Specimen Refusal

Register and filing basis

Amend to Supplemental RegisterAmend to Principal RegisterFiling Basis

Application formalities

OwnershipSignatureAddressInsufficient PaymentRequirement for U.S. CounselAdditional Information Required

Regulatory and special refusals

Foreign Registration IssuesControlled Substances Act (CSA)Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (FDCA)Plant Varietal Names
Drawing and mark representation

Translation — Trademark Office Action Guide

When a mark contains foreign wording, the USPTO requires an English translation or statement that translation is not needed.

What the USPTO is saying

Your mark includes foreign-language terms. You must provide an English translation or confirm whether the term is arbitrary, fanciful, or has no English meaning relevant to the goods.

Why this issue is raised

Examining attorneys must evaluate descriptiveness and meaning. Foreign words are translated to English to assess whether the mark is merely descriptive or generic.

How applicants typically overcome it

  • Provide an accurate English translation of all foreign wording in the mark.
  • Argue the term is arbitrary or coined and explain its significance if not descriptive.
  • Submit a disclaimer for translated descriptive terms if required.
  • Clarify transliteration if the mark uses non-Latin characters.

Related Office Action issues

  • Section 2(e)(1): Descriptiveness
  • Disclaimer Requirement
  • Mark Description or Color Claim

Frequently asked questions

Need help responding to your Office Action?

Enter your USPTO serial number to see what issues apply to your application and get attorney-guided help with your response.

Look up your trademark(312) 319-4460trademarks@copymarklaw.com
Attorney advertising. This page is general educational information and is not legal advice. No attorney-client relationship is formed until an engagement agreement is signed and a conflict check is completed.